¡Ù ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ³³¼¼ÀÚ ±Ç¸®ÇåÀå(Taxpayer Bill of Rights) ¡Ù
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¡®³³¼¼ÀÚ ±Ç¸®ÇåÀ塯(Taxpayer Bill of Rights)Àº ³³¼¼ÀÚµéÀÌ ±¹¼¼Ã»
(IRS)À» »ó´ëÇÒ ¶§ ´©¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â 10°¡Áö ±âº» ±Ç¸®¸¦ °Á¶ÇÏ´Â ÁÖÃåµ¹°°Àº
¹®¼ (cornerstone documen)·Î, 2015³â IRS´Â Àü ¹Ì±¹ ³³¼¼ÀÚº¸È£´ã´ç°ü
´Ï³ª ¿Ã½¼(Nina Olson)ÀÌ Á¦¾ÈÇÑ ³³¼¼ÀÚ ±Ç¸®ÇåÀå(Taxpayer Bill of Rights)À»
äÅÃÇß´Ù.
ÀÌ´Â IRS¿Í °ü·ÃµÇ´Â ¸ðµç ³³¼¼ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëµÈ´Ù. ³³¼¼ÀÚ ±Ç¸®ÇåÀåÀº ±âÁ¸ÀÇ
¼¼¹ý»ó¿¡ ÀÖ´ø ±Ç¸®¸¦ 10°¡Áö ±âº» ±Ç¸®·Î ºÐ·ùÇÏ¿© ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°í ÀÌÇØ °¡´ÉÇϸç
Á¢±Ù °¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï ¼º¹®ÈÇÏ¿´´Ù.
IRS´Â ²ÙÁØÈ÷ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ç¸®¸¦ ³³¼¼ÀÚ¿¡°Ô °ø°³ÀûÀ¸·Î °Á¶Çϸç, IRS Á÷¿øµé
¿¡°Ôµµ ³³¼¼ÀÚÀÇ ±Ç¸®¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÏ°í ¸Å¹ø ³³¼¼ÀÚµéÀ» »ó´ëÇÒ ¶§ Ç×»ó Àû¿ë½Ãų
°ÍÀ» Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î »ó±â½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖ´Ù.
1. ¹ý±Ô Áؼö¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¾Ë ±Ç¸®(The Right to be Informed)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ¼¼¹ýÀ» ÁؼöÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾Ë ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ¸ðµç ¹ý·ü°ú ±¹¼¼Ã»(IRS) ÀýÂ÷ ¹× ¸ðµç ¼¼±Ý ¾ç½Ä, Áöħ, °£Ç๰,
°íÁö ¹× ÅëÁö µî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ ¼®¸íÀ» µéÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â
ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼¼±Ý °è»ê¿¡ °üÇÑ IRS °áÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°ø¹Þ°í °á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¸íÈ®ÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
2. ¾çÁúÀÇ ³³¼¼ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®(The Right to Quality Service)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRS¿ÍÀÇ °ü°è¿¡¼ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í Ä£ÀýÇϸç Àü¹®ÀûÀÎ Áö¿øÀ» ¹ÞÀ»
±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¿©±â¿¡´Â ½±°í ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ð¾î·Î ¼³¸íÀ» µè°í, IRS·Î
ºÎÅÍ ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°í ÀÌÇØÇϱ⠽¬¿î Åë½Å¹®(communications)À» ¹Þ°í, ºÎÀûÀýÇÑ
¼ºñ½º¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °¨µ¶ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±Ç¸®°¡ Æ÷ÇԵȴÙ.
3. Á¤È®ÇÑ ¼¼±Ý¸¸À» ³³ºÎÇÒ ±Ç¸®(The Right to Pay No More than
the Correct Amount of Tax)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ¹ýÀ¸·Î Á¤ÇØÁø ¼¼±Ý(ÀÌÀÚ ¹× °úÅ·á Æ÷ÇÔ)¸¸À» ³³ºÎÇÏ°í IRS°¡
¸ðµç ¼¼±Ý³³ºÎ¸¦ ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô Àû¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
4. IRSÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡ ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÏ°í ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ µéÀ» ±Ç¸®
(The Right to Challenge the IRS¡¯s Position and Be Heard)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÏ°í, °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ IRS Á¶Ä¡ ¶Ç´Â ½ÅûÇÑ Á¶Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ
Ãß°¡ ¼·ù¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Àû½Ã¿¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÌÀÇ Á¦±â ¹× Á¦Ãâ
¼·ù¸¦ IRS°¡ ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í °øÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ½É»çÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, IRS°¡
³³¼¼ÀÚÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì ´äº¯À» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
5. µ¶¸³µÈ ÀçÆÇ¿¡¼ IRS °áÁ¤¿¡ Ç×¼ÒÇÒ ±Ç¸®(The Right to Appeal
an IRS Decision in an Independent Forum)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ¿©·¯ °úÅ·Ḧ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ IRS °áÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í
°øÆòÇÏ°Ô ÇàÁ¤»óÀÇ Ç×¼ÒÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Ç×¼Ò »ç¹«¼ÒÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡ °üÇÑ ¼¸é
´äº¯À» ¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç°ÇÀ» ¹ý¿ø¿¡
Á¦¼ÒÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
6. ÃÖÁ¾Á¾°á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ë ±Ç¸®(The Right to Finality)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRSÀÇ ÀÔÀå¿¡ ÀÌÀǸ¦ Á¦±âÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀÇ ½Ã°£°ú IRS°¡
ƯÁ¤ °ú¼¼¿¬µµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¶»ç ¹Ì³³¼¼±Ý ¡¼ö¸¦ À§ÇØ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ´ë½Ã°£À»
¾Ë ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRS°¡ Á¶»ç¸¦ Á¾·áÇß´Â Áö ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ¾Ë ±Ç¸®µµ
ÀÖ´Ù.
7. »ç»ýÈ° º¸È£ ±Ç¸®(The Right to Privacy)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRSÀÇ ¸ðµç Á¶È¸, Á¶»ç ¶Ç´Â ÁýÇà Á¶Ä¡°¡ ¹ý·üÀ» ÁؼöÇÏ°í ÇÊ¿ä
ÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î »ç»ýÈ°ÀÌ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¼ö»ö ¹×
¾Ð¼ö½Ã º¸È£µî ¸ðµç ÀýÂ÷Àû ±Ç¸®¸¦ ÁؼöÇÏ°í, ÇØ´ç½Ã Àû¹ý ÀýÂ÷ û¹®È¸
±âȸ¸¦ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
8. ºñ¹Ð º¸Àå ±Ç¸®(The Right to Confidentiality)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRS¿¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç Á¤º¸°¡ ³³¼¼ÀÚ³ª ¹ý·üÀÌ Çã¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¸¦
Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í °ø°³µÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ±â´ëÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ³³¼¼ÀÚÀÇ ½Å°í
Á¤º¸¸¦ ºÎ´çÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇϰųª °ø°³ÇÏ´Â Á÷¿ø°ú, ½Å°í¼ ÀÛ¼º´ëÇàÀÚ µî¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© Á¶»çÇÏ°í ÀûÀýÇÑ Á¶Ä¡°¡ ÃëÇØÁöµµ·Ï IRS¿¡ ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
9. ´ë¸®ÀÎÀ» ¼±ÀÓÇÒ ±Ç¸®(The Right to Retain Representation)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â IRS ´ëÀÀÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ °øÀÎ ´ë¸®ÀÎÀ» ¼±ÀÓÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡
ÀÖ´Ù. ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ´ë¸®ÀÎÀ» ¼±ÀÓÇÒ °æÁ¦Àû ¿©À¯°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì ¡¸Àú¼Òµæ ³³¼¼ÀÚ
»ó´ã¼Ò¡¹(Low Income Taxpayer Clinic)ÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» û±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
10. °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í Á¤´çÇÑ Á¶¼¼ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç¸®(The Right to a
Fair and Just Tax System)
³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â Á¶¼¼ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ³³¼¼ÀÚ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±âº»Àû 乫(underlying liabilities),
³³ºÎ ´É·Â ¶Ç´Â Àû½Ã Á¤º¸ Á¦°ø ´É·Â¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç½Ç°ú »óȲÀ»
°í·ÁÇÒ °ÍÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÒ ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ³³¼¼ÀÚ´Â ÀçÁ¤Àû ¾î·Á¿òÀ» °Þ°í Àְųª
IRS°¡ Á¤»óÀûÀÎ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÅëÇØ ³³¼¼ÀÚÀÇ ¼¼±Ý ¹®Á¦¸¦ Àû½Ã¿¡ ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô ÇØ°á
ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì ¡®³³¼¼ÀÚ º¸È£´ã´ç°ü¡¯(Taxpayer Advocate Service)ÀÇ Áö¿øÀ»
¹ÞÀ» ±Ç¸®°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.